Preobrazhensky (Russian: Преображе́нский), Preobrazhenskaya (feminine), or Preobrazhenskoye (neuter), lit. "of the Transfiguration", may refer to:
- People
- Alexander Preobrazhensky, Russian pedagogue
- Boris Preobrazhensky, Soviet otolaryngologist and academician, Hero of Socialist Labor
- Konstantin Preobrazhensky, writer on KGB subjects
- Nikolay Preobrazhensky, Soviet otolaryngologist
- Olga Preobrajenska (1871-1962), a ballerina of the Russian Imperial Ballet
- Olga Preobrazhenskaya (director) (1881-1971), Russian and Soviet actress and film director
- Pavel Preobrazhensky, Russian geologist
- Sofiya Preobrazhenskaya, Russian opera singer, People's Artist of the USSR
- Vasily Khrisanfovich Preobrazhensky, Russian writer
- Vasily Petrovich Preobrazhensky, Russian writer
- Yevgeni Preobrazhensky, Bolshevik and economist
- Yevgeny Nikolayevich Preobrazhensky, Soviet military leader
- Places
- Preobrazhensky (rural locality) (Preobrazhenskaya, Preobrazhenskoye), name of several rural localities in Russia
- Preobrazhenskaya hospital, a psychiatric hospital in Moscow, Russia
- Preobrazhenskoye District, a district of Moscow, Russia
- Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery, a cemetery in Moscow, Russia
- Other
- Preobrazhensky regiment, one of the oldest regiments of the Russian army
- Preobrazhensky prikaz, an establishment that oversaw Russian Preobrazhensky and Semyonovsky regiments in the 18th century
- Professor Preobrazhensky, surgeon, from the novel The Heart of a Dog