Safety
The LD50 for methylhexanamine is 39 mg/kg for intravenous and 185 mg/kg for intraperitoneal administration (mouse).
Anecdotal reports indicate extremely high doses of methylhexanamine combined with caffeine and alcohol may be harmful. A 21-year-old male in New Zealand presented with a cerebral hemorrhage after ingesting 556 mg of methylhexanamine, caffeine, and alcohol. The man's hydration status, food intake, illicit drug use, and body weight were not reported. A spokesman for the manufacturer said, "DMAA is, in fact, a constituent of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and its derived oil and has been consumed as part of the human diet for more than 100 years."
However, a study published in December 2011 by A. Lisi, N. Hasick, R. Kazlauskas, and C. Goebel contradicts the claim by methylhexaneamine manufacturers and reports, "geranium oils do not contain methylhexaneamine" and "products labelled as containing geranium oil but which contain methylhexaneamine can only arise from the addition of synthetic material."
A September 2011 study reported acute ingestion of 1,3-dimethylamylamine (75 mg) alone and in combination with caffeine results in increased blood pressure without an increase in heart rate.
A study of 25 healthy men taking a methylhexanamine-containing preworkout sports supplement found methylhexanamine does not change resting heart rate, blood pressure, or affect liver and kidney function when used at recommended dosage levels. According to an additional four studies, DMAA did not seem to cause any negative effects to the blood, blood pressure or heart rate when taken by test subjects for a short period.
The US military issued a massive recall of all methylhexanamine-containing products from all military exchange stores worldwide, after two soldiers suffered fatal heart attacks during training in 2010. Methylhexanamine was found in their blood. "These products are legal substances and, as yet, no link between DMAA and the medical conditions reported by military medical providers has been validated scientifically by us," said DoD spokesman Peter Graves. "DoD has asked that the products be pulled from the shelves as a precautionary measure."
The death of Claire Squires, a runner who collapsed near the finish line of the April 2012 London Marathon, has been linked to DMAA. The Coroner stated that DMAA was "probably an important factor" during the inquest. It is believed that she consumed the substance through drinking an energy drink, which was subsequently adjusted to exclude DMAA.
Read more about this topic: Methylhexanamine
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