Israeli–Palestinian Conflict Early 20th Century-present
| Armed conflict | Perpetrator | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Israeli–Palestinian conflict | Various Palestinian militant groups. | ||
| Incident | Type of crime | Persons responsible | Notes |
| Ben Yehuda Street bombings | Crimes against humanity (100+ civilians killed) | Various Associated and Palestinian groups | Refers to a series of attacks by Palestinians and suicide bombers on civilians in downtown Jerusalem, Israel in starting 1948 through to the 21st century. The attacks were carried out on Ben Yehuda Street, a major thoroughfare, later a pedestrian mall, named for the founder of modern Hebrew, Eliezer Ben Yehuda. |
| Bombing of Swissair Flight 330 | Crimes against humanity (47 civilians killed) | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command | On February 21, 1970, HB-ICD a Convair CV-990 Coronado jet named “Baselland” was flying on the route with 38 passengers and nine crew members. A bomb detonated in the aft cargo compartment of the aircraft the aircraft crashed a short time later in a wooded area at Würenlingen near Zürich Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command, said in Beirut, Lebanon, that it had been responsible for the explosion. |
| Avivim school bus massacre | Crimes against humanity (12 civilians killed (9 children)) | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command | This was a terrorist attack on an Israeli school bus on May 22, 1970 in which 12 Israeli civilians were killed, nine of them children, and 25 were wounded. The attack took place on the road to Moshav Avivim, near Israel's border with Lebanon. Two bazooka shells were fired at the bus. |
| Lod Airport massacre | Crimes against humanity (26 civilians killed) | Japanese Red Army on behalf of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine | This was a terrorist attack that occurred on May 30, 1972, in which three members of the Japanese Red Army killed 26 people and injured 80 others at Tel Aviv's Lod airport (now Ben Gurion International Airport). Two of the attackers were killed, while the last survivor was captured after being wounded. |
| Kiryat Shmona massacre | Crimes against humanity (18 civilians killed) | Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command | This was an attack by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command on civilians in the Israeli town of Kiryat Shmona on 11 April 1974 which resulted in 18 deaths. |
| Ma'alot massacre | Crimes against humanity (25 civilians killed) | Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine | This was a terrorist attack which included a two-day hostage-taking of 115 people which ended in the deaths of 25 hostages. |
| Bombing of TWA Flight 841 | Crimes against humanity (79 civilians killed) | Abu Nidal Organization | On September 8, 1974, a Boeing 707-331B (tail number N8734) operating as TWA Flight 841 took off from Ben Gurion International Airport, Tel Aviv en route to JFK International Airport, New York City. It was scheduled to land in Athens, followed by Rome, and then proceed to New York. After stopping for 68 minutes in Athens, it departed for Rome. About 30 minutes after takeoff, the plane crashed into the Ionian Sea. The out of control aircraft was observed by crew on the flight deck of Pan Am 110. They watched the aircraft execute a steep climb, the separation of an engine from the wing, and the death spiral. All 79 passengers and nine crew members were killed. The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the plane was destroyed by a bomb hidden in the cargo hold, which caused structural failure resulting in uncontrollable flight. This was the first known instance of a young Arab boarding an American plane in a suicide mission. |
| Savoy Hotel Attack | Crimes against humanity (8 hostages killed) | Palestine Liberation Organization | This was a terrorist attack by members of the Palestine Liberation Organization against the Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv, Israel, on March 4–5, 1975. |
| Zion Square refrigerator bombing | Crimes against humanity (15 civilians killed) | Palestine Liberation Organization | This was a terrorist attack in downtown Jerusalem, Israel on Friday, July 4, 1975 in which 15 civilians were killed and 77 wounded. The attack was carried out by Ahmed Jabara of the PLO. |
| Coastal Road massacre | Crimes against humanity (38 civilians killed) | Palestine Liberation Organization | This was an attack involving the hijacking of a bus on Israel's Coastal Highway in which 38 Israeli civilians, including 13 children, were killed, and 71 were wounded. The attack was planned by Abu Jihad and carried out by the PLO faction Fatah. |
| Bombing of Gulf Air Flight 771 | Crimes against humanity (112 civilians killed) | Abu Nidal Organization | Gulf Air Flight 771 was a flight from Karachi, Pakistan to Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. On 23 September 1983, while the Boeing 737-2P6 was on approach to Abu Dhabi International Airport, a bomb exploded in the baggage compartment. The plane crashed in the desert near Mina Jebel Ali between Abu Dhabi and Dubai in the UAE. All seven crew members and 105 passengers died. Most of the dead were Pakistani nationals, many returning to jobs in the Persian Gulf after spending the Eid al Adha holiday with their families in Pakistan. |
| Jaffa Road bus bombings | Crimes against humanity (45 people killed) | Hamas | These were attacks on two No. 18 buses in Jerusalem, Israel in 1996. Hamas suicide bombers killed 45 people in the attacks, which were masterminded by Mohammed Deif, using explosives prepared by Adnan Awul. |
| Passover massacre | Crimes against humanity (30 civilians killed) | Hamas | This was a suicide bombing carried out by Hamas at the Park Hotel in Netanya, Israel on 27 March 2002, during a Passover seder. Thirty civilians were killed in the attack and 140 were injured. It was the deadliest attack against Israelis during the Second Intifada. |
| Tel-Aviv central bus station massacre | Crimes against humanity (23 civilians killed) | al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades | This was a terrorist attack which occurred on January 5, 2003 in which two Palestinian suicide bombers blew themselves up outside the Tel Aviv Central Bus Station in Tel-Aviv, Israel, killing 23 civilians and injuring over 100. |
| Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing | Crimes against humanity (23 civilians killed) | Hamas | Thiswas the suicide bombing of a crowded public bus (Egged bus 2) in the Shmuel HaNavi quarter in Jerusalem, Israel, on August 19, 2003. Twenty-three people were killed and over 130 wounded. Many of the victims were children. |
| Maxim restaurant suicide bombing | Crimes against humanity (21 civilians killed) | Hanadi Jaradat of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad | This was a suicide bombing which occurred on October 4, 2003 in the beachfront "Maxim" restaurant in Haifa, Israel. 21 people were killed in the attack and 51 were injured. Among the victims were two families and four children, including a two-month-old baby. |
- For more massacres in Israel and the Palestinian territories. see: List of massacres in Palestinian Territories and List of massacres in Israel.
- For attacks carried out by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. see: Armed attacks of the PFLP
- For attacks carried out by the Abu Nidal Organization (ANO). see: List of attacks attributed to Abu Nidal
- For more on Hamas's political violence and terrorism. see: Political violence and terrorism of Hamas
- For further attacks against Israeli civilians before 1967. see: List of attacks against Israeli civilians before 1967.
- Palestinian militant groups have used many suicide attacks leading to 804 fatalities since 1989. See: List of Palestinian suicide attacks
- Palestinian militant groups have used many rocket attacks against Israel, usually targeting Israeli civilians. Between 2001 and January 2009, over 8,600 rockets had been launched, leading to 28 deaths and several hundred injuries, as well as widespread psychological trauma and disruption of daily life. See: Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel.
- Palestinian militant groups have attacked diplomatic missions and Israelis abroad. See: Attacks on diplomatic missions and Israelis abroad.
Read more about this topic: List Of War Crimes
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