Timeline of Events
| Year | Date | Event |
|---|---|---|
| 1540 | December | Pedro de Valdivia takes possession of Chile in the name of the King of Spain. |
| 1541 | February 12 | Santiago is founded. |
| September 11 | Michimalonco leads a Picunche attack on Santiago, the city is severely damaged but the attack is repelled. | |
| 1544 | September 4 | La Serena is founded by Juan Bohón. |
| 1549 | January 11 | La Serena is destroyed by natives. |
| August 26 | La Serena is refounded. | |
| 1551 | October 5 | Concepción is founded. |
| 1552 | San Felipe de Rauco, La Imperial and Villarrica are founded. | |
| February 9 | The city of Valdivia is founded by Pedro de Valdivia. | |
| 1553 | Los Confines is founded. | |
| December 25 | The battle of Tucapel takes place, governor Pedro de Valdivia is killed after the battle. | |
| 1554 | February 23 | The battle of Marihueñu takes place, Concepción is abandoned and destroyed. |
| October 17 | Jerónimo de Alderete is appointed governor of Chile in Spain by the king but dies on his journey to Chile. | |
| 1557 | April 1 | Francisco de Villagra defeats the Mapuches and kills their leader Lautaro at the battle of Mataquito. |
| April 23 | The new governor García Hurtado de Mendoza arrives in La Serena. | |
| June | García Hurtado de Mendoza arrives in the bay of Concepcion and builds a fort at Penco, then defeats the Mapuche army trying to disloge him. | |
| October 10 | García Hurtado de Mendoza defeats the Mapuche army in the Battle of Lagunillas. | |
| November 7 | García Hurtado de Mendoza defeats Caupolicán in the Millarupe. | |
| 1558 | January 11 | Cañete founded by Mendoza. |
| February 5 | Pedro de Avendaño captured the Mapuche toqui Caupolicán, later executed by impalement in Cañete. | |
| March 27 | Osorno is founded. | |
| December 13 | Battle of Quiapo, Mendoza defeats the Mapuche and San Felipe de de Araucan rebuilt. | |
| 1559 | January 6 | Concepción is refounded. |
| 1561 | Francisco de Villagra succeeds García Hurtado de Mendoza as governor. | |
| 1563 | Cañete is abandoned. | |
| July 22 | Francisco de Villagra dies and is succeeded as governor by his cousin Pedro de Villagra. San Felipe de de Araucan is soon abandoned. | |
| August 29 | The territories of Tucumán are separated from the Captaincy General of Chile and transferred to the Real Audiencia of Charcas. | |
| 1564 | February | Concepción is unsuccessfully sieged by native Mapuches. |
| 1565 | A Real Audiencia is established in Concepción. | |
| 1566 | January | San Felipe de de Araucan is refounded. |
| 1567 | With the founding of Castro the dominions of the Captaincy General of Chile are extended into Chiloé Archipelago. | |
| 1570 | February 8 | The 1570 Concepción earthquake affects all of south-central Chile. |
| 1575 | The Real Audiencia of Concepción is abolished. | |
| December 16 | The 1575 Valdivia earthquake affects all of southern Chile. | |
| 1576 | April | Valdivia is flooded by a Riñihuazo caused by the 1575 Valdivia earthquake. |
| 1578 | December 5 | Valparaíso is plundered by Francis Drake, the first corsair in Chilean waters. |
| 1580 | June 26 | Chillán is founded. |
| 1584 | March 25 | Rey Don Felipe is founded in the Straits of Magellan by Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa. |
| 1587 | Thomas Cavendish finds Rey Don Felipe as a ruin city. | |
| 1594 | May | Fort of Santa Cruz de Oñez is founded and becomes the city of Santa Cruz de Coya the following year. |
| 1598 | December 21 | The battle of Curalaba takes place, governor Martín García Óñez de Loyola is killed during the battle. |
| 1599 | Los Confines, Santa Cruz de Coya and Valdivia are destroyed. | |
| The Real Situado, an annual payment to finance the Arauco War, is established. | ||
| 1600 | La Imperial is destroyed. | |
| 1602 | Villarrica is destroyed. 7 de febrero de 1603, se ri | |
| March 13 | A fort is established in the ruins of Valdivia. | |
| 1603 | February 7 | The last inhabitants of Villarrica surrender to the Mapuches and became captives. |
| 1604 | Arauco and Osorno are destroyed. | |
| February 3 | The fort at Valdivia is abandoned. |
Read more about this topic: Conquest Of Chile
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“Turn where we may, within, around, the voice of great events is proclaiming to us, Reform, that you may preserve!”
—Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–1859)