History
Column stores or transposed files have been implemented from the early days of DBMS development. TAXIR was the first application of a column-oriented database storage system with focus on information-retrieval in biology in 1969. Statistics Canada implemented the RAPID system in 1976 and used it for processing and retrieval of the Canadian Census of Population and Housing as well as several other statistical applications. RAPID was shared with other statistical organizations throughout the world and used widely in the 1980s. It continued to be used by Statistics Canada until the 1990s.
For many years, only the Sybase IQ product was commercially available in the column-oriented DBMS class. However, that has changed rapidly in the last few years with many open source and commercial implementations.
Read more about this topic: Column-oriented DBMS
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