Fatty Acid Synthesis
The destruction of the apicoplast does not immediately kill the parasite but instead prevents it from invading new host cells. This observation suggests that the apicoplast may be involved in lipid metabolism. If unable to synthesize sufficient fatty acids the parasite is unable to form the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that is imperative to a successful invasion of host cells. This conclusion is supported by the discovery of Type II Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) machinery in the apicoplast.
Read more about this topic: Apicoplast, Function
Other articles related to "acid, fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid, synthesis, fatty acids, fatty":
... an important precursor for the tricarboxylic acid cycle and type II fatty acid synthesis ... the exit from the liver appears to be dependent on type II fatty acid synthesis ... produce a phenotype similar to that found in mutants of the type II fatty acid synthesis pathway ...
... Tuberculostearic acid (D-10-Methylstearic acid) is a saturated fatty acid that is known to be produced by Mycobacterium spp ... It is formed from the precursor oleic acid (a monosaturated fatty acid) ... After oleic acid is esterified to a phospholipid, S-adenosyl-methionine donates a methyl group to the double bond of oleic acid ...
... effect and increases phosphorylation, deactivation, thereby inhibiting ACC and slowing fat synthesis ... Increased malonyl-CoA level pushes the equilibrium over to increase production of fatty acids through biosynthesis ... Long chain fatty acids are negative allosteric regulators of ACC and so when the cell has sufficient long chain fatty acids, they will eventually inhibit ACC activity and stop fatty acid synthesis ...
... A long term and short term regulation controls fatty acid synthesis ... Long term fatty acid synthesis regulation is dependent on the rate of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) synthesis, the rate-limiting enzyme and first enzyme of the fatty acid synthesis, and ... Cellular fatty acyl-CoA is involved in the short term regulation, but there is not a full understanding of the mechanisms ...
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