List of State Leaders in 1942 - Europe

Europe

• Albania
  • Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1939–1946) and Albania (1939–1943)
  • Prime Minister of Albania - Mustafa Merlika-Kruja (1941–1943)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Philippe Pétain, Chief of State of France (1940–1944)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Ricard Fornesa i Puigdemasa (acting), Vicar capitular of Urgell (1940–1943)
  • First Syndic - Francesc Cairat Freixes, First Syndic of Andorra (1937–1960)
• Belgium (under German occupation, except for Belgian Congo)
  • Monarch - Léopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
  • Military Governor - Alexander von Falkenhausen, German Military Governor of Belgium and Northern France (1940–1944)
  • Prime Minister - Hubert Pierlot, Prime Minister of Belgium (1939–1945, in exile in London)
• Bohemia and Moravia (German puppet state, not recognized by the Allies, who continue to recognize the Czechoslovak Government-in-Exile in London)
  • President - Emil Hácha, President of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945)
  • Protector - Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath, Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1943)
  • Acting Protector -
    1. Reinhard Heydrich, acting Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (1941–1942)
    2. Kurt Daluege, acting Protector of Bohemia and Moravia (1942–1943)
  • Prime Minister - Jaroslav Krejcí, Prime Minister of Bohemia and Moravia (1942–1945)
• Bulgaria
  • Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria (1918–1943)
  • Prime Minister - Bogdan Filov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1940–1943)
• Croatia (Axis puppet state not recognized by the Allies)
  • Leader - Ante Pavelić, Leader of Croatia (1941–1945)
• Czechoslovakia (Government-in-Exile in London. The area of Czechoslovakia was at this time divided between Germany, the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, and Slovakia, the latter two German puppet states)
  • President - Edvard Beneš, President of Czechoslovakia (1940–1945, in exile)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Šrámek, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1940–1945, in exile)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
    2. Vilhelm Buhl, Prime Minister of Denmark (1942)
    3. Erik Scavenius, Prime Minister of Denmark (1942–1945)
• Éire (Ireland) -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of Ireland (1936–1949)
  • President - Douglas Hyde, President of Ireland (1938–1945)
  • Prime Minister - Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach (1937–1948)
• Estonia - German occupation since August 28, 1941
  • President -
    1. Konstantin Päts, legitimate President of Estonia (April 24, 1938 - January 18, 1956) (imprisoned since July 30, 1940)
    2. Jüri Uluots, legitimate Prime Minister of Estonia in the Duties of the President (July 21, 1940 - January 9, 1945)
• Finland -
  • President - Risto Heikki Ryti, President of Finland (1940–1944)
  • Prime Minister - Johan Wilhelm Rangell, Prime Minister of Finland (1941–1943)
• France (Northern half under German occupation, Southern half also from November)
  • Vichy France
    • Head of State - Philippe Pétain, Head of State (1940–1944)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Philippe Pétain, President of the Council (1940–1942)
      2. Pierre Laval, President of the Council (1942–1944)
  • National Committee of the Free French - Charles de Gaulle, Chairman (1941–1943)
  • France in Africa (pro-allied government of former Vichyists established in North Africa following the Torch landings in November)
    1. François Darlan, High Commissioner of France in Africa (1942)
    2. Henri Giraud, High Commissioner of France in Africa (1942–1943)
• Germany -
  • Head of State - Adolf Hitler, Führer (1934–1945)
  • Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
• Greece (under German occupation) -
  • Government in Exile (in Cairo)
    • Monarch - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947)
    • Prime Minister - Emmanouil Tsouderos, Prime Minister of Greece (1941–1944)
  • Quisling Government in Athens
    • Monarch - George II, King of the Hellenes (1935–1947 (in theory)0
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Georgios Tsolakoglu, Prime Minister of Greece (1941–1942)
      2. Konstantinos Logothetopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (1942–1943)
• Hungary -
  • Regent - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. László Bárdossy, Prime Minister of Hungary (1941–1942)
    2. Miklós Kállay, Prime Minister of Hungary (1942–1944)
• Iceland -
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
  • Regent - Sveinn Björnsson, Regent of Iceland (1941–1944)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hermann Jónasson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1934–1942)
    2. Ólafur Thors, Prime Minister of Iceland (1942)
    3. Björn Thórdarson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1942–1944)
• Italy -
  • Monarch - Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, Prime Minister of Italy (1922–1943)
• Liechtenstein
  • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
  • Head of Government - Franz Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
• Luxembourg (occupied by Germany, Government in Exile)
  • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre Dupong, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1937–1953)
• Monaco
  • Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
  • Minister of State - Émile Roblot, Minister of State (1937–1944)
• Montenegro (under Italian occupation and administration; not recognized by the Allies, who continue to recognize the Yugoslav government in exile) - Blazo Djukanovic, President of the National Committee (1941–1943)
• Netherlands (occupied by Germany, government-in-exile in London)
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
  • Prime Minister - Pieter Gerbrandy, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1940–1945)
• Norway (occupied by Germany)
  • Government in Exile (in London)
    • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
    • Prime Minister - Johan Nygaardsvold, Prime Minister of Norway (1935–1945)
  • German Puppet Government in Oslo
    1. Acting Ministers of State (1941–1942)
    2. Vidkun Quisling, Minister-President (1942–1945)
• Poland (Government in exile)
  • President - Władysław Raczkiewicz, President of Poland (1939–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Władysław Sikorski, President of the Council of Ministers (1939–1943)
• Portugal
  • President - António Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
  • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers (1932–1968)
• Romania
  • Monarch - Michael I, King of Romania (1940–1947)
  • Prime Minister - Ion Antonescu, Prime Minister of Romania and Leader of the State (1940–1944)
• San Marino
  • Captains-General
    1. Giuliano Gozi and Giovanni Lonfernini, Captains-General of San Marino (1941–1942)
    2. Settimio Belluzzi and Celio Gozi, Captains-General of San Marino (1942)
    3. Carlo Balsimelli and Renato Martelli, Captains-General of San Marino (1942–1943)
• Serbia (German-occupied puppet state; not recognized by the Allies)
  • Monarch - Peter II, King of Serbia (1941–1944, he was the King of Yugoslavia in exile, and did not consent to his role as theoretical head of the puppet Serb state)
  • Prime Minister - Milan Nedić, President of the Ministerial Council of the Serbian Government of National Salvation (1941–1944)
• Slovakia (German puppet regime, not recognized by the Allies, who recognize the Czechoslovak Government-in-Exile)
  • President - Jozef Tiso, President of Slovakia (1939–1945)
  • Prime Minister - Vojtech Tuka, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1939–1944)
• Soviet Union -
  • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
  • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1938–1946)
  • Premier - Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of People's Comissars (1941–1953)
• Spain -
  • Generalísimo - Francisco Franco, Head of the Spanish State and President of the Government (1939–1975), (1939–1973)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1936–1946)
• Switzerland - Philipp Etter, President of the Swiss Confederation (1942)
• Turkey
  • President - İsmet İnönü, President of Turkey (1938–1950)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Refik Saydam, Prime Minister of Turkey (1939–1942)
    2. Ahmet Fikri Tüzer, Prime Minister of Turkey (1942) (acting)
    3. Şükrü Saracoğlu, Prime Minister of Turkey (1942–1946)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1936–1952)
  • Prime Minister - Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - Pius XII, Bishop of Rome (1939–1958)
  • Secretary of State - Luigi Cardinal Maglione, Cardinal Secretary of State (1939–1944)
• Yugoslavia (occupied by the Germans and Italians, who split it into various puppet states; this is the London government in exile, recognized by the Allies)
  • Monarch - Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Dušan Simović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1941–1942)
    2. Slobodan Jovanović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1942–1943)