History
Khimki was officially founded in 1939. It was established around a railroad station with the same name which had existed since 1850 on the Moscow – Saint Petersburg Railway. Currently, the city of Khimki is directly adjacent to the territory of the city of Moscow.
Khimki was the site of the closest German advance to Moscow in November–December 1941. A memorial marking this in a form of a giant tank trap is located at the "Kilometer 23" point (55°54´46.103"N, 37°24´10.577"E) of Leningradskoye Highway, the highway to St. Petersburg, just short of an intersection with the Moscow-St.Petersburg railroad, and close to the IKEA shopping center.
After World War II, Khimki became home to several Soviet aerospace defense development centers, which became the principal employers for the majority of the city population. This included R&D enterprises which designed surface-to-air missiles for S-75, S-125, S-200, S-300 Soviet air defense systems, engines for intercontinental ballistic missiles and satellite launch vehicles, and other types of equipment. For this reason, Khimki was off limits for all foreigners visiting the country, despite its location on a highway between Moscow and its major international airport.
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