Index of Philosophy Articles (I–Q) - M

M

• M. Nasroen
• Ma Rong
• Mach's principle
• Machiavellianism
• Macrocosm
• Macrocosm and microcosm
• Mad pain and Martian pain
• Madame de Stael
• Madame de Staël
• Madeleine Doran
• Madhava
• Madhusūdana Sarasvatī
• Madhvacharya
• Madhwas
• Madhyamaka
• Madhyamika
• Mādhyamika
• Madhyamika Buddhism
• Mādhyamika Buddhism
• Magdalena Środa
• Magical thinking
• Magna Moralia
• Magnanimity
• Magnificence (History of ideas)
• Mahabharata
• Mahābhūta
• Mahamudra
• Mahasi Sayadaw
• Mahatma Gandhi
• Mahavira
• Mahayana
• Mahayana Buddhism
• Mahmoud Khatami
• Maieutics
• Maimonides
• Maine de Biran
• Maitreya-nātha
• Maitreyi
• Major term
• Makapansgat pebble
• Makhnovism
• Maksim Rayevsky
• Malakia
• Malcolm Knox
• Malinda Cramer
• Malthusian catastrophe
• Malthusian equilibrium
• Man's Fate
• Man's inhumanity to man
• Man a Machine
• Man and Society
• Man and Technics
• Manas-vijnana
• Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society
• Mandala
• Maṇḍana Miśra
• Mandate of Heaven
• Mandated choice
• Mandeville's paradox
• Manfred Frank
• Mani
• Mani Kaul
• Manichaeism
• Manicheanism
• Manifesto of the Sixteen
• Manifold
• Manlio Sgalambro
• Mannerism
• Mantra
• Manuchehr Jamali
• Manuel Buenacasa Tomeo
• Manuel Chrysoloras
• Manuel de Landa
• Manuel Lassala
• Manuel Sacristán
• Many-minds interpretation
• Many-valued logic
• Many-valued logics
• Many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics
• Manzoor Ahmad
• Mao Zedong
• Maoism
• Map–territory relation
• Mappō
• Marburg School
• Marc-Alain Ouaknin
• Marc de Vries
• Marc Jean-Bernard
• Marc Sautet
• Marc Stevens (radio host)
• Marcantonio Genua
• Marcel Conche
• Marcel Gauchet
• Marcel J. Melançon
• Marcello Pera
• Marcelo Dascal
• Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo
• Marco Camenisch
• Marcus Aurelius
• Marcus Favonius
• Marcus George Singer
• Marcus Minucius Felix
• Marcus Musurus
• Marek Siemek
• Margaret Canovan
• Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
• Margaret Elizabeth Egan
• Margaret Gilbert
• Margaret Somerville
• Margareta i Kumla
• Marginal utility
• Marginalization
• Maria Gaetana Agnesi
• Maria Montessori
• Maria Nikiforova
• Maria Occhipinti
• Maria Ossowska
• María Zambrano
• Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman
• Marian Hillar
• Marian Jaworski
• Marian Massonius
• Marian Zdziechowski
• Marianna Marquesa Florenzi
• Mariano Artigas
• Marie-Louise Berneri
• Marie Equi
• Marilena Chaui
• Marilyn Frye
• Marilyn McCord Adams
• Marin Mersenne
• Marinus of Neapolis
• Mario Bettinus
• Mario Bunge
• Mario De Caro
• Mario Kopić
• Mario Perniola
• Marius the Epicurean
• Marius Victorinus
• Marjorie Grene
• Mark Addis
• Mark Alan Walker
• Mark C. Taylor
• Mark Cherry
• Mark de Bretton Platts
• Mark Johnson (philosopher)
• Mark Kingwell
• Mark Kuczewski
• Mark Lance
• Mark Olssen
• Mark Philp
• Mark Sacks
• Mark Sainsbury (philosopher)
• Mark Sainsbury (philosopher)
• Mark Steiner
• Mark Vernon
• Mark Wrathall
• Market populism
• Market socialism
• Marketing ethics
• Markets
• Markov process
• Markus Herz
• Marlène Zarader
• Marpa Lotsawa
• Marquis de Condorcet
• Marriage
• Marshall Berman
• Marshall McLuhan
• Marsiglio of Padua
• Marsilio dei Mainardine
• Marsilio Ficino
• Marsilius of Inghen
• Marsilius of Padua
• Marta Petreu
• Martha C. Nussbaum
• Martha Craven Nussbaum
• Martha Klein
• Martha Nussbaum
• Martial Guéroult
• Martian scientist
• Martin A. Hainz
• Martin Buber
• Martin Davis
• Martin Deutinger
• Martin Gardner
• Martin Heidegger
• Martin Hollis (philosopher)
• Martin Knutzen
• Martin Kusch
• Martin Löb
• Martin Luther
• Martin Luther King, Jr.
• Martin Stokhof
• Martin van Hees
• Martine Batchelor
• Martinus Smiglecius
• Martyn Evans (academic)
• Marvin Farber
• Marvin Minsky
• Marx's Historical Stages
• Marx's theory of alienation
• Marx's theory of history
• Marx's theory of human nature
• Marx W. Wartofsky
• Marx’s method
• Marxism
• Marxism–Leninism
• Marxist aesthetics
• Marxist feminism
• Marxist humanism
• Marxist philosophy
• Marxist philosophy of nature
• Marxist sociology
• Mary's room
• Mary Anne Atwood
• Mary Anne Warren
• Mary Astell
• Mary Daly
• Mary Hesse
• Mary Louise Pratt
• Mary Midgley
• Mary Tiles
• Mary Warnock
• Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock
• Mary Whiton Calkins
• Mary Wollstonecraft
• Masakazu Nakai
• Masao Abe
• Masculism
• Masked man fallacy
• Mass noun
• Massimo Cacciari
• Massimo Pigliucci
• Master-slave dialectic
• Master-slave morality
• Master argument
• Master suppression techniques
• Mateo Aimerich
• Material conditional
• Material equivalence
• Material good
• Material implication
• Material monism
• Material nonimplication
• Material substratum
• Materialism
• Materialism and Empirio-criticism
• Mateu Morral
• Mathematical analysis
• Mathematical beauty
• Mathematical constructivism
• Mathematical fallacy
• Mathematical function
• Mathematical induction
• Mathematical intuitionism
• Mathematical logic
• Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
• Mathematical space
• Mathematical universe hypothesis
• Mathematics and art
• Matheolus Perusinus
• Mathesis universalis
• Matrix grammar
• Matrix mechanics
• Matteo Campani-Alimenis
• Matteotti Battalion
• Matter
• Matter (philosophy)
• Matter and Memory
• Matter of Fact
• Matthew Ferchi
• Matthew Foreman
• Matthew Lipman
• Matthew of Aquasparta
• Matthew Stewart (philosopher)
• Matthew Tindal
• Matti Häyry
• Maurice Blanchot
• Maurice Blondel
• Maurice Brinton
• Maurice Cranston
• Maurice De Wulf
• Maurice Halbwachs
• Maurice Merleau-Ponty
• Maurice Pradines
• Mauricio Suarez
• Max Baginski
• Max Bense
• Max Black
• Max Dessoir
• Max Hödel
• Max Horkheimer
• Max More
• Max Müller
• Max Müller (Catholic intellectual)
• Max Planck
• Max Scheler
• Max Scheler's Concept of Ressentiment
• Max Stirner
• Max Weber
• Max Weismann
• Maxence Caron
• Maxim (philosophy)
• Maximal consistent set
• Maximalism
• Maximilien Luce
• Maximinus (Praetorian Prefect)
• Maximization (ethics)
• Maximus of Ephesus
• Maximus of Tyre
• Maximus the Confessor
• Maxine Greene
• Maxwell's demon
• May 68, Philosophy is in the Street!
• Maya (illusion)
• Maya Keyes
• Mayatita
• Mazdak
• Mazen Asfour
• Mazu Daoyi
• Meaning
• Meaning (existential)
• Meaning (linguistics)
• Meaning (non-linguistic)
• Meaning (philosophy of language)
• Meaning (semiotics)
• Meaning of life
• Meaning of life (philosophy)
• Meaning postulate
• Meaningless statement
• Means to an end
• Measurement
• Measurement in quantum mechanics
• Mechanics
• Mechanics (Aristotle)
• Mechanism (philosophy)
• Media accountability
• Media ecology
• Media ethics
• Media transparency
• Mediated reference theory
• Mediation (Marxist theory and media studies)
• Medical error
• Medical ethics
• Medical gaze
• Medical torture
• Medical waste
• Medieval logic
• Medieval philosophy
• Medieval science
• Mediocrity principle
• Meditations
• Meditations on First Philosophy
• Meditations on the Peaks
• Meera Nanda
• Megalothymia and Isothymia
• Megarian school
• Megarians
• Mehdi Belhaj Kacem
• Mehmet Aydın
• Meiklejohnian absolutism
• Meinong's jungle
• Meister Eckhart
• Mel Bradford
• Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy
• Melchiorre Gioia
• Melchor Rodríguez García
• Meleager of Gadara
• Meletus
• Meliorism
• Melissus
• Melissus of Samos
• Melville Y. Stewart
• Meme
• Meme pool
• Memeplex
• Memetics
• Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism
• Memoirs of Emma Courtney
• Memorabilia (Xenophon)
• Memory
• Men's rights
• Men Among the Ruins
• Mencius
• Mencius (book)
• Mendelian genetics
• Menedemus
• Menedemus of Pyrrha
• Menedemus the Cynic
• Menexenus (dialogue)
• Meng-tzu
• Meng K'o
• Mengzi
• Menippus
• Meno
• Mens mentis praecelsus
• Mens rea
• Mental body
• Mental causation
• Mental event
• Mental functions
• Mental illness
• Mental image
• Mental imagery
• Mental plane
• Mental process
• Mental property
• Mental representation
• Mental space
• Mental state
• Mental substance
• Mental world
• Mentalese
• Mentalism (philosophy)
• Mentality
• Menyhért Palágyi
• Meontology
• Merab Mamardashvili
• Mercy
• Mere addition paradox
• Mereological essentialism
• Mereological nihilism
• Mereology
• Mereotopology
• Merit
• Merit (Buddhism)
• Meritarian
• Meritocracy
• Merton School
• Meshico
• Mesillat Yesharim
• Message from the East
• Messianic democracy
• Messianism
• Messius Phoebus Severus
• Meta
• Meta-discussion
• Meta-emotion
• Meta-epistemology
• Meta-ethics
• Meta-ontology
• Meta-philosophy
• Meta-rights
• Metadiscourse
• Metaethics
• Metaknowledge
• Metakosmia
• Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater
• Metalanguage
• Metalibrary
• Metalogic
• Metamagical Themas
• Metamathematics
• Metameme
• Metametaphysics
• Metaphilosophy
• Metaphor
• Metaphor in philosophy
• Metaphor of the sun
• Metaphysical art
• Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science
• Metaphysical naturalism
• Metaphysical necessity
• Metaphysical nihilism
• Metaphysical objectivism
• Metaphysical poets
• Metaphysical politics
• Metaphysical realism
• Metaphysical Society
• Metaphysical solipsism
• Metaphysical subjectivism
• Metaphysics
• Metaphysics (Aristotle)
• Metaphysics of Morals
• Metaphysics of presence
• Metaphysics of quality
• Metaphysics of War
• Metarealism
• Metasyntax
• Metatheorem
• Metatheory
• Metaxy
• Metempsychosis
• Meteorology (Aristotle)
• Method of agreement
• Method of concomitant variations
• Method of focal objects
• Method of residues
• Methodic doubt
• Methodical culturalism
• Methodios Anthrakites
• Methodism
• Methodism (methodology)
• Methodism (philosophy)
• Methodological individualism
• Methodological naturalism
• Methodological relativism
• Methodological skepticism
• Methodological solipsism
• Methodology
• Methods of obtaining knowledge
• Metrocles
• Metrodorus of Athens
• Metrodorus of Chios
• Metrodorus of Cos
• Metrodorus of Lampsacus (the elder)
• Metrodorus of Lampsacus (the younger)
• Metrodorus of Stratonicea
• Mexican Liberal Party
• Michael A. E. Dummett
• Michael A. Smith
• Michael Anthony Eardley Dummett
• Michael Bratman
• Michael Davis (philosopher)
• Michael Devitt
• Michael Dummett
• Michael E. Rosen
• Michael E. Zimmerman (philosopher)
• Michael Ferejohn
• Michael Foster (philosopher)
• Michael Fourman
• Michael Frede
• Michael Friedman (philosopher)
• Michael Gelven
• Michael Gottlieb Birckner
• Michael Hardt
• Michael Hissmann
• Michael Ignatieff
• Michael Joseph Oakeshott
• Michael Levin
• Michael Lockwood (philosopher)
• Michael Lynch (philosopher)
• Michael Martin (philosopher)
• Michael Matteson
• Michael Neumann
• Michael Novak
• Michael O. Rabin
• Michael Oakeshott
• Michael of Ephesus
• Michael of Massa
• Michael Otsuka
• Michael Polanyi
• Michael Psellos
• Michael R. Ayers
• Michael Ruse
• Michael Sandel
• Michael Schmidt-Salomon
• Michael Scriven
• Michael Sprinker
• Michael Talbot (author)
• Michael Tye (philosopher)
• Michael Vavrus
• Michael Walzer
• Michael Williams (philosopher)
• Michał Falkener
• Michał Heller
• Michał Sędziwój
• Michał Twaróg of Bystrzyków
• Michał Wiszniewski
• Michel Bitbol
• Michel de Certeau
• Michel de Montaigne
• Michel Eyquem de Montaigne
• Michel Fattal
• Michel Foucault
• Michel Foucault bibliography
• Michel Henry
• Michel Onfray
• Michel Pêcheux
• Michel Serres
• Michel Seymour
• Michelangelo Fardella
• Michele Cianciulli
• Michele Le Doeuff
• Michèle Le Doeuff
• Michèle Le Dœuff
• Microcosm
• Middle knowledge
• Middle Platonism
• Middle term
• Middle way
• Midrash
• Midwest Studies in Philosophy
• Might is Right
• Might makes right
• Miguel de Unamuno
• Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo
• Miguel García (anarchist)
• Miguel García Vivancos
• Miguel Larreynaga
• Miguel Reale
• Miguel Serrano
• Mihailo Đurić
• Mihailo Marković
• Mikael Stenmark
• Mike Lesser
• Mike Sandbothe
• Mikel Dufrenne
• Mikelis Avlichos
• Mikhail Bakhtin
• Mikhail Bakunin
• Mikhail Lifshitz
• Mikhail Ovsyannikov
• Mikhail Shcherbatov
• Miki Kiyoshi
• Mikyo Dorje
• Mikyö Dorje
• Milan Damnjanović (philosopher)
• Milan Kangrga
• Milan Komar
• Milan Vidmar
• Milarepa
• Mildred Mann
• Milesian school
• Milesians
• Milgram experiment
• Military medical ethics
• Mill's methods
• Mill's Methods
• Millan Puelles
• Milly Witkop
• Mimamsa
• Mimāṃsā
• Mimesis
• Mimēsis
• Minarchism
• Mind
• Mind's eye
• Mind-body problem
• Mind–body dichotomy
• Mind & Language
• Mind (journal)
• Mind children
• Mind extension
• Mind over matter
• Minds, Machines and Gödel
• Mindset
• Mindstream
• Ming Dynasty
• Mingei
• Minima Moralia
• Minimal decency
• Minimalism
• Minimax
• Minimax strategy
• Minimum Intelligent Signal Test
• Minimum programme
• Minkowski space-time
• Minor premise
• Minor term
• Minority (philosophy)
• Minors and abortion
• Minos (dialogue)
• Mir Damad
• Mir Fendereski
• Miracle
• Miracle of the roses
• Miran Božovič
• Miranda Fricker
• Mircea Eliade
• Mircea Eliade bibliography
• Mirosław Dzielski
• Mirror stage
• Mirror test
• Misanthropy
• Misinformation effect
• Miskawayh
• Misleading vividness
• Misology
• Misopogon
• Misotheism
• Mitchell Miller
• Mitchell Thomashow
• Miura Baien
• Miyabi
• Mladen Dolar
• Mnason of Phocis
• Mnesarchus of Athens
• Mo Ti
• Mo Tzu
• Mochus
• Modal fictionalism
• Modal logic
• Modal operator
• Modal property
• Modal realism
• Modalities (sociology)
• Modality
• Mode of production
• Model (abstract)
• Model theory
• Models of scientific inquiry
• Moderate objectivism
• Moderate realism
• Moderation
• Moderatus of Gades
• Modern liberalism in the United States
• Modern Moral Philosophy
• Modern philosophy
• Modern Physics and Ancient Faith
• Modern School (United States)
• Modernism
• Modernity
• Modesty
• Modistae
• Modjtaba Sadria
• Modor
• Modular constructivism
• Modularity
• Modularity of mind
• Modus ponendo tollens
• Modus ponens
• Modus tollendo ponens
• Modus tollens
• Mohamed Osman Elkhosht
• Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr
• Mohammad Ibn Abd-al-Haq Ibn Sab’in
• Mohammad Taghi Jafari
• Mohammed Abed al-Jabri
• Mohammed Aziz Lahbabi
• Mohammed Chaouki Zine
• Mohammed Sabila
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
• Mohism
• Mohist philosophy
• Mohist School
• Moishe Tokar
• Mojżesz Presburger
• Moksa (Jainism)
• Moksha
• Molecular biology
• Molinism
• Molyneux's Problem
• Molyneux problem
• Molyneux question
• Moment
• Monad
• Monad (Greek philosophy)
• Monadic predicate calculus
• Monadology
• Monarchomachs
• Monetary reform
• Monimus
• Monism
• Monistic idealism
• Monopoly on violence
• Monotheism
• Monotonic
• Monroe Beardsley
• Montague grammar
• Montanism
• Montanus
• Monte Carlo fallacy
• Montesquieu
• Monty Hall problem
• Mood (psychology)
• Moore's paradox
• Moore reduction procedure
• Moral
• Moral absolutism
• Moral agency
• Moral agent
• Moral agents
• Moral certainty
• Moral character
• Moral community
• Moral core
• Moral development
• Moral dilemma
• Moral dilemmas
• Moral economy
• Moral education
• Moral epistemology
• Moral equivalence
• Moral evil
• Moral example
• Moral hazard
• Moral hierarchy
• Moral high ground
• Moral imperative
• Moral judgment
• Moral law
• Moral luck
• Moral motivation
• Moral nihilism
• Moral non-naturalism
• Moral objectivism
• Moral obligation
• Moral panic
• Moral particularism
• Moral perception
• Moral philosophy
• Moral pluralism
• Moral psychology
• Moral rationalism
• Moral realism
• Moral reasoning
• Moral relativism
• Moral responsibility
• Moral scepticism
• Moral sense
• Moral sense theory
• Moral skepticism
• Moral status of animals in the ancient world
• Moral subjectivism
• Moral syncretism
• Moral treatment
• Moral universalism
• Moralism
• Moralistic fallacy
• Morality
• Morality play
• Morality without religion
• Moralium dogma philosophorum
• Morals
• Morals by Agreement
• Moravec's paradox
• Mordecai Kaplan
• Mores
• Moritz Carrière
• Moritz Geiger
• Moritz Lazarus
• Moritz Schlick
• Morphological freedom
• Morris Weitz
• Mortalism
• Morteza Motahhari
• Mortimer J. Adler
• Morton White
• Mos maiorum
• Moscow Conceptualists
• Moses Ben Jacob Ibn Ezra
• Moses ben Joshua
• Moses ben Maimon
• Moses ben Nahman
• Moses Hess
• Moses ibn Ezra
• Moses Ibn Ezra
• Moses Maimonides
• Moses Mendelssohn
• Moses Nahmanides
• Moses Schönfinkel
• Moshé Machover
• Mostafa Malekian
• Motion (physics)
• Motivation
• Motivational internalism
• Motoori Norinaga
• Mottainai
• Mou Zongsan
• Movement Against the Monarchy
• Movement of Animals
• Moving the goalpost
• Mozi
• Mr. Palomar
• Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
• Mu'tazila
• Muhammad 'Abduh
• Muhammad Abduh
• Muhammad Ali Siddiqui
• Muhammad Baqir Mir Damad
• Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei
• Muhammad ibn Muhammad Tabrizi
• Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi
• Muhammad Iqbal
• Muhammed Hamdi Yazır
• Muhsen Feyz Kashani
• Muirhead Library of Philosophy
• Mujeres Libres
• Mujo
• Mujō
• Mūlamadhyamakakārikā
• Mulla Hadi Sabzevari
• Mulla Sadra
• Multi-criteria decision analysis
• Multi-tendency
• Multi-valued logic
• Multicultural particularism
• Multiculturalism
• Multimodal logic
• Multiperspectivalism
• Multiple-conclusion logic
• Multiple discovery
• Multiple Drafts Model
• Multiple realizability
• Multiple time dimensions
• Multiplicity (philosophy)
• Multitude
• Multitudes
• Multiverse
• Mumbo Jumbo (phrase)
• Münchhausen Trilemma
• Mundane reason
• Munich phenomenology
• Muro Kyūsō
• Murray Bookchin
• Murray Clarke
• Murray Rothbard
• Musa al-Sadr
• Musa Ibn Maimon
• Music
• Musica universalis
• Musical historicism
• Musicology
• Musonius Rufus
• Mussar movement
• Mutatis mutandis
• Mutual aid (organization theory)
• Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
• Mutual liberty
• Mutualism (economic theory)
• Mutually exclusive events
• My Philosophical Development
• Myia
• Mykhailo Drahomanov
• Mylan Engel
• Myles Burnyeat
• Myles Frederic Burnyeat
• Myōe
• Myson of Chenae
• Mysterium Cosmographicum
• Mystical experience
• Mystical philosophy of antiquity
• Mystical realism
• Mystical theology
• Mysticism
• Myth of Er
• Myth of Progress
• Myth of the given
• Mythologies (book)
• Mythos (Aristotle)