Plant disease forecasting is a management system used to predict the occurrence or change in severity of plant diseases. At the field scale, these systems are used by growers to make economic decisions about disease treatments for control. Often the systems ask the grower a series of questions about the susceptibility of the host crop, and incorporate current and forecast weather conditions to make a recommendation. Typically a recommendation is made about whether disease treatment is necessary or not. Usually treatment is a pesticide application.
Forecasting systems are based on assumptions about the pathogen's interactions with the host and environment, the disease triangle. The objective is to accurately predict when the three factors - host, environment, and pathogen - all interact in such a fashion that disease can occur and cause economic losses.
In most cases the host can be suitably defined as resistant or susceptible, and the presence of the pathogen may often be reasonably ascertained based on previous cropping history or perhaps survey data. The environment is usually the factor that controls whether disease develops or not. Environmental conditions may determine the presence of the pathogen in a particular season through their effects on processes such as overwintering. Environmental conditions also affect the ability of the pathogen to cause disease, e.g. a minimum leaf wetness duration is required for grey leaf spot of corn to occur. In these cases a disease forecasting system attempts to define when the environment will be conducive to disease development.
Good disease forecasting systems must be reliable, simple, cost-effective and applicable to many diseases. As such they are normally only designed for diseases that are irregular enough to warrant a prediction system, rather than diseases that occur every year for which regular treatment should be employed.Forecasting systems can only be designed if there is also an understanding on the actual disease triangle parameters.
Read more about Plant Disease Forecasting: Examples of Disease Forecasting Systems, Future Developments
Other articles related to "disease, plant disease forecasting, disease forecasting, plant, forecasting":
... to make sense of their experiences with disease ... The metaphors move disease from an objective thing that exists to an affective experience ... The most popular metaphors draw on military concepts Disease is an enemy that must be feared, fought, battled, and routed ...
... Coeliac disease ( /ˈsiːli.æk/ spelled celiac disease in North America and often celiac sprue) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine that occurs in genetically predisposed ... Coeliac disease is caused by a reaction to gliadin, a prolamin (gluten protein) found in wheat, and similar proteins found in the crops of the tribe ... While the disease is caused by a reaction to wheat proteins, it is not the same as wheat allergy ...
... Coeliac disease has been linked with a number of conditions ... In many cases, it is unclear whether the gluten-induced bowel disease is a causative factor or whether these conditions share a common predisposition ... IgA deficiency is present in 2.3% of patients with coeliac disease, and in turn, this condition features a tenfold increased risk of coeliac disease ...
... in Western Asia, and it is likely that coeliac disease did not occur before this time ... manifested as loose stools that were white, malodorous and flatulent, and the disease was intractable and liable to periodic return ... The cause, according to Aretaeus, was sometimes either another chronic disease or even consuming "a copious draught of cold water." The paediatrician Samuel Gee gave the first modern-day description of the ...
... In the future, disease forecasting systems may become more useful as computing power increases and the amount of data that is available to plant ... Good forecasting systems also may become increasingly important with climate change ... It will be important to be able to accurately predict where disease outbreaks may occur, since they may not be in the historically known areas ...
Famous quotes containing the words plant and/or disease:
“The mode of clearing and planting is to fell the trees, and burn once what will burn, then cut them up into suitable lengths, roll into heaps, and burn again; then, with a hoe, plant potatoes where you can come at the ground between the stumps and charred logs; for a first crop the ashes suffice for manure, and no hoeing being necessary the first year. In the fall, cut, roll, and burn again, and so on, till the land is cleared; and soon it is ready for grain, and to be laid down.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“What is the disease which manifests itself in an inability to leave a party—any party at all—until it is all over and the lights are being put out?... I suppose that part of this mania for staying is due to a fear that, if I go, something good will happen and I’ll miss it. Somebody might do card tricks, or shoot somebody else.”
—Robert Benchley (1889–1945)