| Labial | Alveolar | Palato-velar | Uvular | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | t | k | kʷ | q | qʷ | |
| b | d | ɡ | ɡʷ | ɢ | ɢʷ | ||
| Affricate | t͡s | t͡ʃ | |||||
| d͡z | d͡ʒ | ||||||
| Fricative | f | s | ʃ | ||||
| Post-stopped fricative | s͡t | ʃ͡t | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ŋʷ | |||
| Flap | r | ||||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | ||||
- Palatal and velar together in Awngi form only one place of articulation, which is called palato-velar.
- Post-stopped fricatives are assumed to be single segments in Awngi for phonotactic reasons. Other linguists (e.g. Richard Wiese for German) have called such sounds suffricates.
- /h/ is found word-initially in loanwords in free variation with Zero.
- /r/ does not occur word-initially. It is pronounced as a flap when not geminate.
- Between vowels, /b/ is pronounced as a voiced bilabial fricative .
- /d/ is pronounced retracted, with slight retroflexion.
- /ɢ/ and /ɢʷ/ are usually pronounced as voiced uvular fricatives and .
- Although /d͡z/ and /d͡ʒ/ are phonetically realized as fricatives and in many environments, they are very much the voiced counterparts of the voiceless affricates with respect to phonological rules.
- The labialization contrast in the palato-velar and uvular consonants is found only before the vowels /i, e, a/ and word-finally.
Read more about this topic: Awngi Language, Phonology