A nucleophile is a chemical species that donates an electron-pair to an electrophile to form a chemical bond in a reaction. All molecules or ions with a free pair of electrons or at least one pi bond can act as nucleophiles. Because nucleophiles donate electrons, they are by definition Lewis bases.
Nucleophilic describes the affinity of a nucleophile to the nuclei. Nucleophilicity, sometimes referred to as nucleophile strength, refers to a substance's nucleophilic character and is often used to compare the affinity of atoms.
Neutral nucleophilic reactions with solvents such as alcohols and water are named solvolysis. Nucleophiles may take part in nucleophilic substitution, whereby a nucleophile becomes attracted to a full or partial positive charge.
Read more about Nucleophile: History, Properties, Types of Nucleophiles
Other articles related to "nucleophile, nucleophiles":
... The reaction mechanism is 1 (with R an alkoxy residue) as the nucleophile Deprotonation of 1 by base leads to carbanion 2 stabilized by its electron-withdrawi ... This nucleophile reacts with the electrophilic alkene 3 to form 4 in a conjugate addition reaction ... addition, or more usually, enolate nucleophile ...
... In the second step, the protonated carbonyl (2) is attacked by a nucleophile (H–Z) to give tetrahedral intermediate 3 ... Proton transfer from the nucleophile (Z) to the leaving group (X) gives 4, which then collapses to eject the protonated leaving group (H–X), giving protonated carbonyl compound 5 ... Also note that under acidic conditions, a nucleophile will typically exist in its protonated form (i.e ...
... It has been found that the size of the incoming nucleophile determines the type of control exerted over the stereochemistry ... In the case of a large nucleophile, the interaction of the α-stereocenter with the incoming nucleophile becomes dominant therefore, the Felkin product is major one ... Smaller nucleophiles, on the other hand, result in 1,3 control determining the asymmetry ...
... Nitrogen nucleophiles include ammonia, azide, amines, and nitrites. ...