Hyksos
The Jewish historian Josephus maintains that the Hyksos were in fact the children of Jacob who joined his son Joseph in Egypt to escape a famine in the land of Canaan. The Hyksos first appeared in Egypt during the eleventh dynasty. They came out of the second intermediate period in control of Avaris and the nile delta and ruled Lower Egypt as semite kings (fifteenth dynasty). Kamose, the last king of the Theban 17th Dynasty, refers to the Hyksos King Apophis as a Chieftain of Retjenu (Canaan). At the end of the Seventeenth dynasty of Egypt, they were expelled by an Egyptian pharaoh. The term "Hyksos" derives from the Egyptian expression heka khasewet ("rulers of foreign lands"). Josephus records the false etymology that the Greek phrase Hyksos stood for the Egyptian phrase Hekw Shasu meaning the Shepherd Kings, which scholars have only recently shown means "rulers of foreign lands."
Other articles related to "hyksos":
... his reign and that parts of the Delta region was already ruled by the Hyksos king named Khyan ... hall which proved to contain 41 sealings showing the cartouche of the Hyksos ruler Khyan together with 9 sealings naming the 13th dynasty king Sobekhotep IV ... Khyan was actually one of the earlier Hyksos kings and may not have been succeeded by Apophis—who was the second last king of the Hyksos kingdom—2 ...
... The Hyksos rulers of the fifteenth dynasty of Egypt were of non-Egyptian origin ... Most archaeologists describe the Hyksos as as a mix of Asiatic peoples, suggested by recorded names such as Khyan and Sakir-Har that resemble Asiatic names ... The name Hyksos was used by the Egyptian historian Manetho (ca ...
... Ay fled his palace in at the end of the 13th dynasty, a Canaanite tribe called the Hyksos sacked Memphis (the Egyptians capital city) and claimed dominion over Upper ... After the Hyksos took control, many Egyptians fled to Thebes, where they eventually began to oppose the Hyksos rule ... The Hyksos, Asiatics from the Northeast, set up a fortified capital at Avaris ...
... Salitis was the first king of the Hyksos to rule Northern Egypt ... Northern Egypt was controlled by Hyksos rulers throughout the Dynasty ... The Hyksos were people of Semitic origin who were thought to have invaded Egypt through the Sinai Peninsula and settled in the Delta ...
... The Hyksos continued to play a role in Egyptian literature as a synonym for "Asiatic" down to Hellenistic times ... Manetho to identify the coming of the Hyksos with the sojourn in Egypt of Joseph and his brothers, and led to some authors identifying the expulsion of the ... It may also indicate that the "expulsion" of the Hyksos reported in the Egyptian records mainly refers to the expulsion of the Semitic rulers and military/political elite and does not indicate a mass expulsion of the ...