Nikon Digital Cameras Coolpix and Functional

Stereoscopy ... Many 3D displays use this method to convey images. It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838...

Camera Lens ... While in principle a simple convex lens will suffice, in practice a compound lens made up of a number of optical lens elements is required to correct (as much as possible) the many optical aberrations that arise. Some aberrations will be present in any lens system...

History Of Photography ... Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) (965–1040) studied the camera obscura and pinhole camera, Albertus Magnus (1193/1206–80) discovered silver nitrate, and Georges Fabricius (1516–71) discovered silver chloride. Daniel Barbaro described a diaphragm in 1568...

Film ... It is produced by recording photographic images with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or visual effects. The process of filmmaking has developed into an art form and industry. Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them...

Mariner Program ... Mission: Mars flybys Mass 413 kg (908 lb) Sensors: wide- and narrow-angle cameras with digital tape recorder, infrared spectrometer and radiometer, ultraviolet spectrometer, radio occultation and celestial mechanics... Mission: orbit Mars Mass 998 kg (2,200 lb) Sensors: wide- and narrow-angle cameras with digital tape recorder, infrared spectrometer and radiometer, ultraviolet spectrometer, radio occultation and celestial mechanics Status: Mariner 8 – Destroyed in a launch vehicle failure... Mission: Venus and Mercury flybys Mass: 433 kg (952 lb) Sensors: twin narrow-angle cameras with digital tape recorder, ultraviolet spectrometer, infrared radiometer, solar plasma, charged particles, magnetic fields, radio occultation and celestial mechanics Status: Mariner 10 – Defunct...

Camera ... Cameras may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum... A majority of cameras have a lens positioned in front of the camera's opening to gather the incoming light and focus all or part of the image on the recording surface... The diameter of the aperture is often controlled by a diaphragm mechanism, but some cameras have a fixed-size aperture...

Movie Camera ... On June 21 1889, William Fries-Greener was issued patent no. 10131 for his 'chronophotographic' camera...

List Of Telescope Types ... Telescopes can be classified by optical design, such as refracting telescopes. Telescopes can also be classified by where they are placed, such as space telescopes...

Color Photography ... In color photography, light-sensitive chemicals or electronic sensors record color information at the time of exposure. This is usually done by analyzing the spectrum of colors into three channels of information, one dominated by red, another by green and the third by blue, in imitation of the way the normal human eye senses color...

Single-lens Reflex Camera ... Prior to the development of SLR, all cameras with viewfinders had two optical light paths: one path through the lens to the film, and another path positioned above (TLR or twin-lens reflex) or to the side (rangefinder)... Most SLR cameras permit upright and laterally correct viewing through use of a roof pentaprism situated in the optical path between the reflex mirror and viewfinder...

Twin-lens Reflex Camera ... History Double-lens cameras were first developed around 1870, due to the realization that having a second lens alongside the taking lens would mean that one could focus without having to keep swapping the ground glass screen for the plate, making the time delay in taking a picture less...

Fisheye Lens ... For digital cameras using smaller electronic imagers such as 1/4" and 1/3" format CCD or CMOS sensors, the focal length of "miniature" fisheye lenses can be as short as 1 to 2mm...

View Camera ... The bellows is a flexible, accordion-pleated box, which encloses the space between the lens and film, and has the ability to flex to accommodate the movements of the standards. The front standard is a board at the front of the camera which holds the lens and, usually, a shutter...

Educational Technology ... Technology of education is most simply and comfortably defined as an array of tools that might prove helpful in advancing student learning and may be measured in how and why individuals behave. Educational Technology relies on a broad definition of the word "technology." Technology can refer to material objects of use to humanity, such as machines or hardware, but it can also encompass broader themes, including systems, methods of organization, and techniques...

Digital Photography ... Until the advent of such technology, photographs were made by exposing light sensitive photographic film, and used chemical photographic processing to develop and stabilize the image. By contrast, digital photographs can be displayed, printed, stored, manipulated, transmitted, and archived using digital and computer techniques, without chemical processing...

Box Camera ... Etienne Carjat (1828–1906) another French photographer created "le Phobus'" around the late 1870s. It was a simple mahogany box camera...

Film Format ... Movie film formats See List of film formats Digital camera formats See Image sensor format Still photography film formats Multiple image Designation (A) Type Introduced Discontinued Image size Exposures Comment 101 roll film 1895 1956 3½" × 3½" 102 roll film 1896 1933 1½" × 2" One flange has gear teeth 103 roll film 1896 1949 3¾" × 4¾" 104 roll film 1897 1949 4¾" × 3¾" 105 roll film 1897 1949 2¼" × 3¼" Like 120 film with 116-size flanges 106 for roll holder 1898 1924 3½" × 3½" Roll holder films were wound inside out 107 for roll holder 1898 1924 3¼" × 4¼" 108 for roll holder 1898 1929 4¼" × 3¼" 109 for roll holder 1898 1924 4" × 5" 110 for roll holder 1898 1929 5" × 4" No relation to the later 110 cartridge format for "pocket" cameras... 126 cartridge 1963 2008...

Film Crew ... Crew are distinguished from cast, the actors who appear in front of the camera or provide voices for characters in the film. Crew are also separate from producers, those who own a portion of either the film company or the film's intellectual property rights...

Angénieux Retrofocus ... The telephoto lens configuration combines positive and negative lens groups with the positive at the front, so as to reduce the back focal distance of the lens (the distance between the back of the lens and the image plane) to a figure shorter than the focal length. This is for practical, not optical reasons, because telephotos can then be made shorter and less cumbersome...

Medium Format (film) ... In digital photography, medium format refers either to cameras adapted from medium format film photography uses, or to cameras making use of sensors larger than that of a 35 mm film frame... Often, medium format film cameras can be fitted with digital camera backs, converting them to digital cameras, but some of these digital backs, especially early models, use sensors smaller than a 35 mm film frame... As of 2006, medium format digital photography sensors were available in sizes of up to 36 by 48 mm, with 39 million pixels for use with commonly available professional medium format cameras...

International Space Station ... The ISS serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology and other fields. The station is suited for the testing of spacecraft systems and equipment required for missions to the Moon and Mars...

Independent Film ... Because of this, a number of filmmakers responded by building their own cameras and moving their operations to Hollywood, California, where the distance from Edison's home base of New Jersey made it more difficult for the MPPC to enforce its patents...

Photography ... Digital cameras use an electronic image sensor based on light-sensitive electronics such as charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology...

Digital Camera ... Digital cameras can do things film cameras cannot: displaying images on a screen immediately after they are recorded, storing thousands of images on a single small memory device, and deleting images to free storage space...